SOLID – Object Oriented Design Principles

SOLID – Object Oriented Design Principles

In object-oriented computer programming, SOLID is an acronym for five design principles intended to make software designs more understandable, flexible and maintainable.
S.O.L.I.D. STANDS FOR:
S — Single responsibility principle
O — Open closed principle
L — Liskov substitution principle
I — Interface segregation principle
D — Dependency Inversion principle

Single responsibility principle

A class should have one and only one reason to change, meaning that a class should only have one job. The Single Responsibility Principle is closely related to the concepts of coupling and cohesion. Coupling refers to how inextricably linked different aspects of an application are, while cohesion refers to how closely related the contents of a particular class or package may be.
Some examples of responsibilities to consider that may need to be separated include:
• Persistence
• Validation
• Notification
• Error Handling
• Logging
• Class Selection / Instantiation
• Formatting
• Parsing
• Mapping

Open-closed Principle

Objects or entities should be open for extension but closed for modification. Open for extension means that we should be able to add new features or components to the application without breaking existing code. Closed for modification means that we should not introduce breaking changes to existing functionality, because that would force you to refactor a lot of existing code — Eric Elliott
In simpler words, this means creating software entities whose behavior can be changed without the need to edit and recompile the code itself. The simplest way to demonstrate this principle is to consider a method that does one thing. Let’s say it writes to a file, the name of which is hard-coded into the method. If the requirements change, and the filename now needs to be different in certain situations, we must open up the method to change the filename. If, on the other hand, the filename had been passed in as a parameter, we would be able to modify the behavior of this method without changing its source, keeping it closed to modification.

Liskov substitution principle

The Liskov Substitution Principle (LSP) states that subtypes must be substitutable for their base types. The principle defines that objects of a superclass shall be replaceable with objects of its subclasses without breaking the application. That requires the objects of your subclasses to behave in the same way as the objects of your superclass.
When this principle is violated, it tends to result in a lot of extra conditional logic scattered throughout the application, checking to see the specific type of an object. This duplicate, scattered code becomes a ground for bugs as the application grows.

Interface segregation principle

A client should never be forced to implement an interface that it doesn’t use, or clients shouldn’t be forced to depend on methods they do not use.

When we design an application, we should take care how we are going to make abstract a module which contains several submodules. Considering the module implemented by a class, we can have an abstraction of the system done in an interface. But if we want to extend our application adding another module that contains only some of the submodules of the original system, we are forced to implement the full interface and to write some dummy methods. Such an interface is named fat interface or polluted interface. Having an interface pollution is not a good solution and might induce inappropriate behavior in the system.

Dependency inversion principle

Entities must depend on abstractions not on concretions. It states that the high level module must not depend on the low level module, but they should depend on abstractions.Basically, Dependency inversion principle is one of the principles on which most of the design patterns are build upon. Dependency inversion talks about the coupling between the different classes or modules. It focuses on the approach where the higher classes are not dependent on the lower classes instead depend upon the abstraction of the lower classes. The main motto of the dependency inversion is Any higher classes should always depend upon the abstraction of the class rather than the detail.

This aims to reduce the coupling between the classes is achieved by introducing abstraction between the layer, thus doesn’t care about the real implementation.

Conclusion

“If you take the SOLID principles to their extremes, you arrive at something that makes Functional Programming look quite attractive” — Mark Seemann
S.O.L.I.D might seem to be a handful at first, but with continuous usage and adherence to its guidelines, it becomes a part of you and your code which can easily be modified, tested, extended, and refactored without any problems. http://www.anarsolutions.com/solid-object-oriented-design-principles/?utm_source=Blogger.com

Software Security

Software Security

In today’s world everyone is very concerns about privacy. We like to ensure data about ourselves is not being misused and it is used for the purpose which we have given our consent. Global organizations government across the world take data privacy very seriously. There are two prominent examples.

First, Apple refused to unlock iPhone, which could help FBI to gain information about criminal investigation. However, such backdoor entry would have created serious concerns among iPhone users about their privacy. Apple upheld users data privacy to highest level. Second example is Cambridge Analytics which has used Facebook users’ information to benefit from it.

In both examples users’ data privacy is point of concern. Important thing to consider here is, iPhone users trust strengthened because Apple has strong security in place to protect users’ data. So, to ensure data privacy we must first ensure data security, without data security one cannot achieve data privacy.

In such scenarios security of an application has become very important non-functional requirement and it should not be considered just as afterthought. Users’ want applications to ensure their data is stored and transported in secure manner and protected from unauthorized access. Security testing plays a pivotal role in ensuring applications are tested from security standpoint. Security Testing involves very specific procedures and checkpoints to identify any vulnerabilities in the application.

We at AnAr provide you secure web application road map which is based on OWASP principles and provide quality assurance support to make your web application ready for external security certification test.

Software security is an idea implemented to protect software against malicious attack and other hacker risks so that the software continues to function correctly under such potential risks. Security is necessary to provide integrity, authentication and availability.

Do contact us for further details.http://www.anarsolutions.com/software-security/?utm-source=Blogger

Disney and Client Focus

Disney and Client Focus

Disney World, LET THE MAGIC BEGIN! Truly magical experience for families and not only kids. Couple of years back, I have experienced the magic myself. I have my own set of magical memories. Along with that, I experienced Disney.

We were waiting by the pavement for afternoon parade. Everyone was so excited. Crew members were busy cleaning, clearing streets and other preparations for the parade. It was almost the time, when a toddler seating besides spilled his entire pop-corn basket. Parents were busy trying to take care of the situation and we were watching, little worried, on what happens next.

There came a crew member, I thought, she will get upset as the road was just cleaned and Parade was almost there. To my surprise, she ran towards pop-corn vendor and got the basket refilled. In the meantime, another member cleaned the road. Happiness restored again!

I was pleasantly surprised at the swiftness and competence of those crew members. That lady had made sure that all guests waiting for parade can enjoy it fully without any background crying and whining toddler.

Story remained with me ever since. Once back from vacation, I read a lot about Disney Values and how they create magic every day, guided by lighthouse values laid by Walt Disney, when he said, “My business is making people, especially children, happy”, After half a century, it still remains.

When AnAr was born, so was my dream to make AnAr Disney for Software Services Industry. Every team member at AnAr keeps Client’s best interest above their own. Our journey towards Customer Focus is still in infancy with intent, attitude and mission to take it to next level every day.

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Application lifecycle management with Azure Service Fabric

Application lifecycle management with Azure Service Fabric

Packaging, deployment, and management of accessible and reliable Microservices and containers have become easier than ever before with Azure Service Fabric, a scattered systems platform. What is more, it also displays substantial difficulties in developing and handling cloud native applications. Like other platforms, an application on Azure Service Fabric usually drives over a lot of stages. They are: design, development, testing, deployment, advancement, upkeep, and elimination. Azure Service Fabric is responsible for outstanding provision for the full application lifecycle of cloud applications. From development to deployment, every day supervision and looking after to subsequent taking out, everything is taken care of. The service model allows a number of diverse parts to chip in individually in the application lifecycle. Through this write-up let us try and get a general idea of the APIs and in what way they are used by the diverse parts during the course of the stages of the Service Fabric application lifecycle.

Key differentiators for Azure Service Fabric

The most important thing about service fabric is that it runs on any cloud and any platform. Clusters for service fabric in a lot of environments can be created, say for example, Linux, Windows, and Azure or on premises. With the help of service fabric explorer, the state of the applications and the nodes on which they are running can be envisaged. Service fabric definitely provides the condition of the nodes along with the view of applications running on each node. It alarms about the situation beforehand giving insights by showing any faults/cautions on the applications. Additional services are provided by Azure service fabric explorer making things easier during the course of the software development. It allows you to create applications consisting of Microservices or containers.

Application Lifecycle Management General Idea for Windows Azure

Developing in Windows Azure is at the same time not that much diverse from what you know, surrounded by on-premises systems, and diverse in important methods. And as these differences occur, for this very reason software architects frequently request about the particular procedure to develop and set up a Windows Azure application, which is normally known as an Application Lifecycle Management or ALM too.

In this internet age, a lot of resources are there, which can be used to know and pick up more about a number of portions of ALM. A lot of definitions are there for application lifecycle management, from the control of code injection, domain promotion, testing, and process flow and so on. A lot of software architects are concerned for the finer-grained info. They are more or less interested in development and deployment of an application. The tools they need for the development and deployment and by what means the running code can be obtained which can be used for testing purposes. To understand it clearly, let us understand the primary development to get a clear image to proceed further.

Some light on Primary development in context with application lifecycle management

First and foremost, the code is written. And the code can be written in a number of ways, mostly there are three ways. This can be done in a separate (non-connected) setting like your laptop. On the other hand, the easiest and commonest way to create an Azure application is by using visual studio. This is because as it lets you to combine the Azure components you want to leverage along with the on-premises code you require today or are making. Once the installation and patching up of Visual Studio is done, you need to download and install the Windows Azure Software Development Set. After the proper installation, you will get all the API’s that you might require along with the completely functional native setting to run and test your code before you set up it. What is more, a lot of samples will also be obtained after the set up. From the samples, they can be downloaded as and when they are needed. The second way by which the code can be written is through eclipse. It can also be used to develop for Windows Azure. On the other hand, the complete runtime setting in just that set single-handedly cannot be obtained, nonetheless you can use this productively on a Linux system. A lot of software developer’s use this method in which also contain the required downloads and documentation. Lastly, Rest API’s can be used to hit Azure Assets and regulate them. This is not the favoured way, but this is very much possible.

Setting up to a test case

As soon as the code gets developed the need to test the code arises. Azure emulator comes into play which is present there on the development laptop. But it is for a solo handler on that laptop, and it also has some delicate alterations from the assembly fabric as you might visualize. In general, a small contribution to run and test the application is used and set up; just similar to what you would have a set of test servers. One thing is there that every contribution would have its specific management keys and certificates. This is there to contribute to identify and keep the testing setting separate for separate tasks. It goes out that though Application Lifecycle management offers benefits but not every single profit of ALM is essential to one and all. In other words, diverse kinds of firms benefit inversely from ALM.

Setting up to production and handling code modification

As soon as the code gets developed and is tested thoroughly, then moving the code to a place arises wherein all the users can access it. One thing which is clear is that there is not much physical transformation in the kind of technologies, fabric or any other constituent in production windows Azure accounts and for that matter the test accounts too. On the other hand, time and again minor systems to set up for testing are picked up to make things easier and simpler. In the production Windows Azure account, the team usually restricts the right of entry to the account for setting out to a distinct set of software architects. This guarantees code movement and control. Also, the current users are able to access the application or data the manner in which you want them to use it. With the application set up, there are dual comprehensive jobs you want to think through. One is handling modifications through the application, and the other consists of management, monitoring and performance tweaking for an application. Swiftly and simply build, test, fix, set up, and upgrade Service Fabric applications in single-box, test, and production settings.

Conclusion

As we have seen here that resource manager templates are there already to get in full swing with Azure API Management and Service Fabric, together, in Azure.  Front-end gateway is normally needed for all the cloud applications. This is so as to make available a sole point of doorway for everyone – handlers, devices, or other applications. In Service Fabric set up, an access can be any stateless service. It is recommended to use it without any difficulty by keeping the info updated. In the present day, lot of firm’s understand the benefits of this method. Azure Service Fabric is certainly one of the most influential tools to decrease the difficulties of such settings and meet the wants of a lot of industries, such as: manufacturing – Gaming, IoT financial services, or any application that profits of extra scalability and resiliency. Emphasize on constructing applications and business rationality, and allow Azure to resolve the firm distributed systems difficulties for example reliability, scalability, management, and latency. It is all about using a proven platform for task-critical applications. A decent ALM resolution benefits develop combined clear, established relations between Business and IT department. Select it wisely!

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ASP.Net Zero vs ASP.Net Boilerplate Framework

ASP.Net Zero vs ASP.Net Boilerplate Framework

To start with, both, ASP.net Zero and ASP.Net Boilerplate framework are considered to be a strong infrastructure for modern web applications. ASP.NET Zero is an effective resolution for building web and mobile apps. Full source code is obtained from it and based on the business idea and need, it can be changed as desired. This structural model of ASP.NET Zero is centred on the open-source and community-driven ASP.Net Boilerplate framework. However, there are many differentiators that make them unique in many which ways. Let us understand them in detail and get into the nitty-gritties of both to them to get a clear the picture.

What is ASP.Net Zero and ASP.Net Boilerplate framework?

It is nothing but a Visual Studio resolution. It is put together centred on layered structural design and other software It delivers a firm, robust and accessible solution architecture, along with pre-built pages, to name a few. It does prove to be beneficial for all the business enthusiasts who do have a brilliant business idea in their mind and want to execute in form of a web application for the prospective clienteles. For building a web application by extending the business idea, then ASP.Net Zero with finest practices is taken as the base solution. This will not only save the precious time of the developers but also they do not have to start afresh. Requirements such as: user, role and permission management, audit logging, setting management, user profile management, localization and so on are taken care of in this visual studio solution. Case in point, a lot of pre-built functionalities are made responsible by it. What is more, it also makes your everyday development effort stress-free by means of a comprehensive web application structure.

On the other hand, ASP.NET Boilerplate automates common software development jobs by resolution, focussing on the business code. All in all, ASP.NET Boilerplate is an open source and nicely-documented application structure. It is not just a structure, as it delivers a solid architectural model centred on Domain Driven Design too, using all the finest practices in mind.

With such in-built functionalities, they definitely make way for a beneficial solution for business enthusiasts with an idea. Let us discuss them.

Before that if you need to have a look at the basics in depth – do have a look at http://www.anarsolutions.com/boilerplate-framework-asp-net-fundamentals/

Benefits of ASP.Net Zero explained

It offers a layered, exact and standard architectural model. As a result, software designers will be acquainted with in what way they can write code that keeps an eye on finest practices. It is enthusiastically used by a lot many software experts. For this very reason, it is constantly developed. It definitely provides a lot of benefits making things easier for software developers.

• It provides base classes and infrastructure, and automates your repetitive jobs.
• What is more, it also offers a lot of pre-built functionalities. And these pre-built functionalities are common to nearly every single application: login, user, role and permission management, audit logs, settings, user profile, multi-language, multi-tenancy along with others.
• The solution is established and have answered most of the problems met the minute software developer’s start building an application from the scratch.

As a result, do not waste your time on common necessities; start to grow your business notion from the initial time.

 Benefits of ASP.Net Boilerplate Framework explained

 Net Boilerplate Framework is able to build a default source for each entity. This default source can be extended as per the requirement.

• It authorizes and prevents access if the existing user has no consent for the tasks to be updated or is not logged in.
• As well, it does validation of all the properties of an input built on habitual authentication guidelines. In case, if a demand is not effective, it throws a suitable authentication exemption.
• A lot much info such as: User, browser, IP address, calling service, method, parameters, calling time, execution duration is automatically kept for each request centred on conventions and configurations.
• We all are aware of the fact that on ASP.Net Boilerplate Framework, exceptions are automatically handled, no manual intervention in handling them. However, in case of an exception, a proper logging with a proper result to the client is returned.
• Also, localization is possible as; it is automatically localized centred on the present user’s philosophy.

We can see the benefits of ABP in this simple class. All these tasks normally take significant time, but are automatically handled by the framework. It is definitely a Multi-Tenant application put together on ABP and module-zero with loads of benefits and save a lot of time. As well, it is a simple job application using already acquainted tools and implements finest practices. To get clarity, let us delve into the relationship between ASP.Net Zero vs ASP.Net Boilerplate Framework. They are certainly an uplifting combination of form and function.

Relationship between ASP.Net Zero vs ASP.Net Boilerplate Framework along with differentiators elucidated

 ASP.NET Boilerplate is a broad-spectrum purpose application structure particularly designed for fresh contemporary web applications. Up to date tools and implements are used with finest practices all over the place to make available for a firm development understanding. And, ASP.NET Zero is put together by the software team after ASP.NET Boilerplate. As a result, it is the finest UI and application execution of the structure, available these days. The whole thing present in ASP.NET Boilerplate can be openly used in ASP.NET Zero. What is more, the complete credentials and documents are effective for ASP.NET Zero also.  As a matter of fact, as complete documentation is there for ASP.NET Boilerplate, it makes things easier for software developers and helps them a lot while developing your application.

In a few words, an open ASP.NET start up model is delivered by ASP.NET Boilerplate to get things going to instantaneously begin with the structure.  On the other hand, ASP.NET Zero is business level base resolutions to jump start your novel assignment. It is centred on ASP.NET Boilerplate framework and put together with finest practices. In short, some key points or highpoints can be described, they are as follows:

• Xamarin mobile application
• User organization unit management UI based on roles
• Version and feature management UI
• Setting management UI
• Energetic language management UI
• Notification system along with real time chat
• Obtain Audit log report UI
• User profile, account linking, social logins, to name a few

To read more about ASP.Net Boilerplate Framework, please go to: http://www.anarsolutions.com/technology/asp-net/boilerplate-framework-asp-net-fundamentals/ and get the required info.

Conclusion              

In a nutshell, closed framework libraries are there in each framework, so it is mandatory to keep them updated from time to time so as to use them for building applications to its fullest. In the meantime, diverse businesses have dissimilar requirements; hence, the UI as per the requirement need to be extended and changed. For this very reason, ASP.NET Zero is called a starter kit/prototype for building applications. The comprehensive source code is in the hands, which can be changed without restrictions as per the business need or an idea. So, on a broader horizon, it is likely that upgradation would not be needed for most of the cases wherein the things are as you want them to be and are happy with the outcome. However, in case there is a need or you want to incorporate the new features in your current solutions then you need to become accustomed to the situation. Compare the current and past versions and accordingly copy the altered chunks to your solution. According to the feedback from the users, they both are updated with additional features every now and then to keep up with the changing trends. The stuffs on road map are subject to variation centred on client responses and some in-house conclusions. Go ahead as per the need and turn a business idea into an awesome application for others to use and get a feel of your idea. Focus on your business code and keep going!
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What is Aspect Oriented Programming?

What is Aspect Oriented Programming (AOP)?

While designing an application, at times we all have seen that the persons involved are not able to discover a method to express the structure in code with old-style object-oriented methods. And, an application having a well-structured architecture consists of diverse layers give rise to diverse apprehensions. Software developers are always finding a way to improve the quality of software or an application. However, there is a possibility of instances when the application starts working in an abrupt manner affecting its quality. Case in point, while designing an application, which is not well-structured tend to offer necessities that is not a perfect fit for the architecture, for instance:

• A verification system must be there in an application.
• Before entering the complete database, it must be authenticated.
• A proper debugging log must be kept for proper functioning of an application.
• The performance of the tasks must be measured to understand if they are in the preferred range.

When any one of these necessities arises then a lot of work is required to avoid duplication of code. With so many inconsistencies, code needs to be added at a lot of places making maintenance more difficult. As a result, there is a possibility of a huge modification in the program. And this problem needs a permanent solution, which can re-occur at any stage of application development. This is when aspect-oriented programming comes into play. An aspect is a collective feature that is normally distributed through approaches, modules, object orders, or even whole object prototypes. In simple words, an aspect is a concern that is cross-sectional.

Case in point, it is behaviour that appears and whiffs like it should have proper and symmetrical arrangement. Confirming that the software designers reliably introduce the login in the appropriate points in the code is hard to put into effect. Aspects arrange for a mechanism, though unsatisfactory, for refining the state of affairs. While planning an application, there are generally definite requirements and concerns to be accomplished to deal with difficulty and to attain the necessary quality factors known as concerns. Aspect-oriented programming (AOP) has been projected as an innovative skill that takes on the SOC principle.

So, let us understand that what is aspect-oriented programming?

Comprehensive description of aspect-oriented programming and the concepts behind it

Aspect-oriented programming (AOP) is a programming model that separates the associated tasks from the core program’s business rationality. In addition, AOP can be used in conjunction with object-oriented programming or OOP. Mainly, it comprises of the programming techniques and tools supporting flexibility of apprehensions at the level from where the coding starts. On a broader horizon, aspect-oriented programming or AOP is a method to programming that lets overall properties of a software package to decide in what way it is assembled into an executable package. Then, we must improve metrics that allow us to reason about the usefulness of putting on AOP to specific systems. Let us say, as soon as we re-implement design patterns by means of AOP; are they any superior than the normal object-oriented designs? All in all, it really offers a lot of practical profits which are helpful in a software setting. Let us reflect upon all the practical benefits which this programming has to offer.

The myriad advantages explained:

The various advantages are described below:

• It balances object orientation and improves the maintenance and understanding of the code as it modularizes cross-cutting concerns offering beneficial properties.
• On a common note, as there is only one close-fitting module, which is secluded from the rest of the application, allows for split-up and reusability.
• What is more, it has the skill to restructure the order system by transforming only one particular class.

With all these design profits it allows the structure to decode into more reusable and improved developing modules. Though it is beneficial on a wider horizon, still it has its loop holes and disadvantageous in quite a lot of ways. They are listed below:

The myriad disadvantages explained:

• It is definitely not very easy to grasp and not documented well also.
• It also offers pitiable toolkit maintenance.
• Code bloating is likely as small source can tip to much bigger object code.
• Though it offers reusability, it is not recommended for large projects as the pain points need to be spoken before it can be extensively implemented.
• As developers are oblivious to classes occurred by aspects at times, this may not result in the way it should be, bringing about undesirable results.
• Also, it needs a lot of convincing to actually convince the management to take on AOD. This is likely as a lot of firms are aware of the loop holes generated by the present model, OO design. Firms at any point must be ready to open to accepting new technologies enlightening their developers in the most recent techniques.

On the other hand, as we all have seen that a lot of firms have tasted tremendous success working with AOP in more than a few applications.  The AOP intangible structure has assisted them to plan the systems, and the AOP-based executions have confirmed to be stress-free to develop and retain, while being comparably well-organized to much more difficult code written by means of old-style methods. It is definitely meant for adoption, especially for those who work in an It environment.

The method of applying an Aspect-Oriented Simulation structure

Generally, the process of developing an aspect-oriented simulator encompasses three segments. First and foremost, the concerns of the current system are identified, then they are implemented and finally, the development of the final system is done by joining them. Put simply, the crosscutting concerns are separated. And then, each crosscutting concern is executed individually through consuming an aspect-oriented language. As a result, the whole complication of design and execution reduces. As well, practical or OOP languages are used for the execution of simulation functional apprehensions. As a final point, an aspect weaver as AspectJ compiler is used to compose all concerns to create the ending system.

Fig 1: Applying an Aspect-Oriented Simulation structure

Conclusion

With so many advantages, AOP will turn out to be, chunk of the software designer’s tool set at some point. It is likely that for building systems AOP would be considered as the main design framework in the future. As well, lot of updates would be available for enhancing oriented programming methods with aspects. Moving and getting ahead of the curve need some normal AOP executions that are constant. And things are looking bright in this direction and this procedure has now initiated. With all these inputs, it is suggested that we must create design and application choices centred upon experiential indication. There is also need to develop tools supporting AOP so that aspects can be used efficiently and effectively. With so much to offer, aspects in aspect-oriented programming are not a fad and are here to stay. In coming years, it looks promising offering a solution for the core difficulty of the object-oriented model. An aspect-oriented model scheme offers features such as: reusability, perceptibility and can be maintained with ease.

A lot of firms are keen to adopt this model as it helps to improve the separate event simulation with novel programming models as the aspect-oriented model. It not only helps in the identification of the main crosscutting concerns and helps in upgrading the simulation quality. Though they are little far off from being a part of conventional application programming, however, they are inching closer to be one and things are definitely looking brighter.  On the other hand, AOD allows ample flexibility to modify an application, but many modifications of the application’s flow may have negative side effects. A set of principles to avoid these scenarios would facilitate development and drive AOD further.
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